Cholera Epidemic and Cholera Vaccine
Cholera epidemic
All modes of transmission of cholera are variants of the fecal-oral mechanism. The source of infection is a man – sick with cholera and healthy (transient) Vibrio carrier, emit into the environment of Vibrio cholera from faeces and vomit.
Infection occurs mainly by drinking infected water, intake of water while swimming in contaminated waters, during the washing. Infection can occur when consuming food contaminated during cooking, its storage, washing or distribution, especially food, are not subjected to heat treatment (clams, shrimp, dried and salted fish). In addition, Vibrio cholera can be transported by flies.
In the propagation of the disease are important poor hygiene conditions, overcrowding of the population, large population movements. Here we should note endemic foci of cholera and imported. In endemic areas (South-East Asia, Africa, Latin America), cholera epidemic is recorded throughout the year.
Cholera vaccine
Recently, for the prevention of cholera began to use the vaccine (vaccination). In the past 10 years, the use of vaccines against cholera of India has dramatically reduced the number of patients with cholera.
Cholera vaccines contain detoxified toxin (poison), Vibrio cholera, which when ingested to healthy man in small doses, promotes immunity. Vaccination against cholera is recommended for all people who intend to travel to countries with a high risk of contracting cholera.
The doses used in immunization against cholera:
1. For children younger than 5 years of vaccine injected 2 times a month up to 0.2 ml
2.Children from 5 to 10 years, giving immunizations, 2 times a month up to 0.3 ml
3. For children older than 10 years and adults injected vaccine, 2 times a month up to 0.5 ml.
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Posted by Kranthi on 8th June, 2010
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